How Modern Building Codes Are Saving Lives and Billions in Wildfire and Fire Losses

Since 2005, wildfires have destroyed over 100,000 structures in the U.S., leading to thousands of deaths and massive economic losses. In 2022 alone, 4,446 fire-related fatalities were reported, according to the National Center for Health Statistics. The National Institute of Standards and Technology estimates wildfire-related damages cost the U.S. between $71.1 billion and $347.8 billion each year.

But there’s good news: building codes are making a major difference.

A joint pilot study from FEMA and the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA), called the Building Codes Save (BCS) – Fire Hazards Pilot Study, found that modern building codes significantly reduce fire-related deaths, injuries, and property losses. The study focused on California statewide and Colorado’s Boulder and El Paso counties, evaluating key code improvements like:

  • Fire-rated construction materials
  • Smoke alarm systems
  • Fire sprinkler systems

Key Findings:

  • $1.8 billion in structure fire savings in California and $44.9 million in the two Colorado counties
  • $24.4 billion in wildfire savings in California and $457.7 million in Boulder and El Paso counties
  • 100+ lives and 1,000+ injuries prevented in California alone

These results were based on comparisons between homes built before and after modern codes were adopted (post-2000 for structure fires and post-2008/2014 for wildfires, depending on the state).

The long-term outlook is promising. FEMA and USFA expect that broader adoption of modern codes—like California’s newly adopted 2025 Wildland-Urban Interface Code—will save billions more nationwide and help build safer, more resilient communities.

🔗 Learn more about wildfire building codes and best practices here.